Homophobic/Transgender/Anti-Semitic hate crimes from 2012 to 2022
Freedom of information request reference no: 01.FOI.23.033609
I note you seek access to the following information:
REQUEST 1:
1) How many transgender hate crimes have been recorded in each month between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of incidents for each month listed.
2) What is the ethnic breakdown of suspects in cases of transgender hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of suspects by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
3) What is the ethnic breakdown of Persons Proceeded Against in cases of transgender hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of Persons Proceeded Against by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
REQUEST 2:
1) How many homophobic hate crimes have been recorded each month between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of incidents for each month listed.
2) What is the ethnic breakdown of suspects in cases of homophobic hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of suspects by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
3) What is the ethnic break down of Persons Proceeded Against in cases of homophobic hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of Persons Proceeded Against by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
REQUEST 3:
1) How many anti-Semitic hate crimes have been recorded each month between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of incidents for each month listed.
2) What is the ethnic breakdown of suspects in cases of anti-Semitic hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of suspects by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
3) What is the ethnic breakdown of Persons Proceeded Against in cases of anti-Semitic hate crimes between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of Persons Proceeded Against by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
REQUEST 4:
1) How many murders, rapes, assaults, robberies, firearms offences, and knife offences have been recorded each month between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? Please provide this as a table showing the number of each type of incident for each month listed.
2) What is the ethnic breakdown of suspects in cases of murder, rape, assault, robbery, firearms offences, and knife offences between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? For each type of offence please provide a table showing the number of Persons Proceeded Against by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
3) What is the ethnic breakdown of Persons Proceeded Against in cases of murder, rape, assault, robbery, firearms offences, and knife offences between 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022? For each type of offence please provide a table showing the number of Persons Proceeded Against by ethnic group for each year listed.
Please provide a fully detailed ethnic breakdown rather than a simplified one. For example, I would like to know how many are White British, White Irish, and White Other separately rather than simply the number who are white.
Decision
Having located and considered the relevant information. I have today decided to disclose some of the requested information. Some information has been withheld as it is exempt from disclosure and therefore this response serves as a Partial Refusal Notice under Section 17 of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act) by virtue of the following exemptions:
Section 40(2)(3) - Personal information
Reason for decision
When a request is made under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act), a public authority must inform you, when permitted, whether the information requested is held. It must then communicate that information to you. If a public authority decides that it is cannot comply with all or part of a request, it must cite the appropriate section or exemption of the Act and provide you with a suitable explanation. It is important to note that the Act is designed to place information into the public domain, that is, once access to information is granted to one person under the Act, it is then considered public information and must be communicated to any individual should a request be received. This is best demonstrated by the FOI disclosures on the Disclosure Log section of the MPS website:
I have considered your request for the following information recorded each month, between the dates of 01/01/2012 and 31/12/2022.
• Number of Transgender Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of Antisemitic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of Homicide Offences.
Broken-down by Ethnic Appearance:
• Number of Transgender Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Homophobic Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Antisemitic Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Homicide Suspects.
• Number of Gun Crime Suspects.
Broken-down by Self Classified Ethnicity:
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Transgender Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Homophobic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Antisemitic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Homicide Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Rape Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Robbery Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Gun Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Knife Crime Offences.
You have requested specific recorded data relating to the number of offences as stated above.
This information is not suitable for public consumption. Should the MPS publish the requested data as specified within the scope of your request broken-down by each month showing low numbers of records, it would be at such a level that would make the identification of individuals (perpetrators/victims) extremely possible. To produce and publish this information would not be lawful, fair or in line with our processing commitments. Thus, disclosure of the information requested to the offences stated above, is exempt in accordance with Section 40(2)(3A)(a) of the Act – Personal Information.
When looking at disclosing the requested information, I have considered various pieces of guidance, including the ICO’s guidance which examines a number of issues relating to the disclosure of crime data.
I have, when looking at the data, considered the following, broadly equivalent factors when making my decision:
• The time periods.
• Sensitivity of the crimes.
• The availability of other sources of information.
• The effect on victims/perpetrators.
It is often believed that such information, is unlikely to allow anyone to actually identify those and ‘there would be no way of knowing who these people were unless you were a witness to the crime’ for example. However, when considering identifiability, we have to assume that we are not looking just at the means reasonably likely to be used by the ordinary person in the street, but also the means that are likely to be used by a determined person (or a ‘motivated intruder’) with a particular reason to want to identify individuals. Examples would include investigative journalists, estranged partners, stalkers, to name but a few.
If this level of data was to be disclosed, it could be pieced together with information already known by individuals or already in the public domain in order to identify the individuals involved. For example, individuals may be partially aware of certain details of an alleged crime through word of mouth, witnessing an incident or police presence.
Therefore, where the request is seeking information that would essentially allow access to third party personal data (such as in this case) the Section 40(2) exemption may be engaged.
Where the request is seeking access to third party personal data the section 40(2) exemption may be engaged.
In order to apply the Section 40(2) exemption, the disclosure of the requested information must satisfy either the first, second or third conditions as defined by subsections 3A, 3B and 4A of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (as amended by Section 58 of the Data Protection Act 2018).
The first condition ensures that the exemption would apply in circumstances where the disclosure of the information would breach any of the Data Protection Act 2018 principles.
There are six Data Protection principles set out in the 2018 Act and these can be found at section 34.
In this instance I have decided that the disclosure of the Personal Data would be incompatible with the first Data Protection principle which states that the processing (in this case the disclosure) of the data must be both lawful and fair.
Disclosure
I have disclosed the following information, for each calendar year, between the dates of 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2022:
• Number of Transgender Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of Antisemitic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of Homicide Offences.
Broken-down by Ethnic Appearance:
• Number of Transgender Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Homophobic Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Antisemitic Hate Crime Suspects.
• Number of Homicide Suspects.
• Number of Gun Crime Suspects.
Broken-down by Self Classified Ethnicity
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Transgender Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Homophobic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Antisemitic Hate Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Homicide Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Rape Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Robbery Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Gun Crime Offences.
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Knife Crime Offences.
I have disclosed the following information, for each month, between the dates of 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2022:
• Number of Homophobic Hate Crime Offences
• Number of Rape Offences.
• Number of Violence Against the Person Offences.
• Number of Robbery Offences.
• Number of Gun Crime Offences.
• Number of Knife Crime Offences.
Broken-down by Ethnic Appearance:
• Number of Rape Suspects.
• Number of Violence Against the Person Suspects.
• Number of Robbery Suspects.
• Number of Knife Crime Suspects.
Broken-down by Self Classified Ethnicity:
• Number of People Proceeded Against for Violence Against the Person Offences.
Please find below a spreadsheet in which this information has been provided.
IMPORTANT:
• Please ensure that the note section within the spreadsheet is read in conjunction with the data in this report to ensure that it is interpreted correctly.